Computer and identifying of linguistic and literary phenomena

             One of the most dangerous problems facing language is the phenomenon of metaphor, and the danger of this phenomenon stems from the difficulty of treating it systematically because it is subject to emotion and conscience more than to reason and logic. Despite the literary value that metaphor performs, it still hinders many of the linguistic tasks that the computer performs as a departure from the linguistic system, which makes it a stumbling block in front of language computing on the one hand, and in front of machine translation systems on the other hand. Usually, the computer needs a steady system to which the phenomenon it deals with. As for the metaphor, it undermines this system, which causes a change in the connotation and strikes the relationship between the signifier and the signified so that other relationships could take place, and that is why any attempt at computer manipulation would threaten.
           There is no doubt that there is some system that the metaphor builds on the ruins of the previous system. This system is what the computer - after providing it with the principles of this system - can use it in the treatment of the metaphor. The aim of this treatment is to reach linguistic indicators for metaphor that can be automatically set, and that can be programmed and developed to make the machine capable of what the human mind does from the distinction between explicit, direct expressions and the height of linguistic art embodied in trope and metaphor. It is an attempt not without its difficulties because it tries to subordinate complex art to accurate science. Understanding the machine to the trope, which is the pinnacle of legal art, and then analyzing its different types, is a difficult thing.
         George Landon counted three types of syntactic compounds in his study of metaphor in Wilfred Owen's poetry, namely:
1- The actual component 2- The operative compound 3 - the descriptive component. He also saw that the semantic types in metaphorical expressions are also three: embodying, revival and personification, which was translated by Professor Saad Maslouh, and applied to poems in the poetry of Al-Baroudi, Shawqi and Shabbi, and through the use of a computer and storing poems from contemporary Arabic poetry and analyzing the metaphor patterns in these poems. It was found that the grammatical types of allegorical images came as follows: The verbal compound, the assigned nominative compound, the additive compound, the descriptive compound, the operative compound, the manner compound, the prepositional compound, the adverbial compound, the substitutive compound, and the vocative compound.
    As it turns out, the semantic transmission of the metaphor is:
First: the semantic transition from the abstract to the sensible, Second: the semantic transition from the tangible to the abstract, Third: the semantic transition between two degrees of the perceived, Fourth: the semantic transition between the static and the moving, Fifth: the semantic transition between the living and the non-living, Sixth: the transition between the human and the non-human, and that each of these images has several patterns that were observed in this study.